How to Cite
Abstract
In the present digital age, the body tends to extend beyond it being flesh, it can be extended, it is a body without organs, and it might belong to more than your own-self. The “Body” as a living entity with its embedded sensory system, not only embodies who we are but also lets us understand and explore the sensitive, unpredictable but fascinating world. The body is an information receiver as well as information reactor. Through years of medical experiments and research on the body, medical devices and instruments are able to allow us to look into the deepest and the most mysterious spots in the human body. For instance, if seen through an HD monitor, while being probed by an endoscope, the body appears as an immersive and infinite landscape. By observing the smoothness and the folds of the surfaces encountered within the body, it is quite simple to project your individual self into this body-scape for a while to imagine and experience this immersive organic space. Various potential ideas of designing a body-like space have become the subject of design fantasies of a number of architects.
The “Vitruvian Man”, which, Vitruvius described in the third book of De Architectura, and was later interpreted and illustrated by Leonardo DaVinci, has served as the human figure/body representation to be used as a measuring unit rather than being considered as a sensitive object. Unsurprisingly, it was a relatively long journey for architects to abandon this dogma. After the industrial revolution (during the modernist era), the concrete evidence of considering body proportions as potential measurements could still be seen in the projects of Le Corbusier, which accompanied his famous school of thought: “A house is a machine for living”. He developed the “Modular” in a mathematical proportion of space based on figures and intended to replace the old Vitruvian man with it as a new generation’s typical model. However, with the rapid development of electronic technology, the trend of realizing sensory environments akin to living bodies has no longer remained a thought but can be seen as an initial action to refuse to see the human body merely as a measuring unit. The turning point came about the time while the medium of news media, television, and social media became relatively mature, and thus started making people conduct critical reflections. Marshall McLuhan, a well-known pioneering media theorist, stated in his well-known publication, “Understanding Media: The Extension of Man” (McLuhan, Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man, 1964). This explicit shot made the researcher foresee the potential and intimate relationships between the body, technology, and space, and somehow have a rational explanation to extend the physical body to endless space, which is crucial in this chapter.
References
Addington, Michelle & Schodek, Daniel. (2005). Smart Materials and New Technologies: for the architecture and design professions. Oxford: Architectural Press: An imprint of Elsevier.
Anders, P. (2001). Extending Architecture throgh Electronic Media. In C. Speed, & G. Grinsted (Eds.), VO1D (pp. 58-65).
Barthes, R. (1968). The Death of the Author. In S. Heath (Ed.), Image, Music, Text (S. Heath, Trans., pp. 142-148). London: Fontana Press.
Benedikt, M. (1991). Cyberspace: the First Steps. Cambridge: The MIT Pressed.
Cicognani, A. (1998). On the Linguistic Nature of Cyberspace and Virtual Communities. Virtual Reality Society, 3(1), 25-33.
de Kerckhove, D. (2001). The Architecture of Intelligence. Basel: Birkhäuser.
Deleuze, G. (1988). Bergsonism. New York: Zone Books.
Deleuze, G., & Guattari, F. (2003). Anti-Oedipus: Capitalism and schizophrenia. Londom: Continuum.
Emmer, M. (2004). Mathland From Flatland to Hypersurfaces. Basel: Birkhäuser.
Fox, Michael, & Kemp, Miles. (2009). Interactive Architecture. New York: Princeton Architectural Press.
Gibson, W. (1982, July). Burning Chrome. Omni, 4(10), pp. 72-77.
Gibson, W. (1984). Neuromancer. New York: Ace Books.
Kelly, K. (1995). Out of Control: The New Biology of Machines, Social Systems, & the Economic World. New York: Basic Books.
Kretzer, M. (2014). Beyond Performance. In M. Kretzer, & L. Hovestadt (Eds.), ALIVE: Advancements in Adaptive Architecture (pp. 72-77). Basel: Birkhäuser.
Leibniz, G. W. (1714). Monadology. (J. Bennett, Trans.) Continuum. Retrieved from http://www.earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/leibniz1714b.pdf
Lévy, P. (1998). Becoming Virtual: Reality in the Digital Age. (R. Bononno, Trans.) New York: Plenum Trade.
McLuhan, M. (1964). The Gadget Lover: Narcissus as Narcosis. In M. McLuhan, Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man (pp. 45-52). New York: McGraw-Hill.
McLuhan, M. (1964). Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man. New York: McGraw-Hill.
McLuhan, M., Fiore, Q., & Agel, J. (1967). The medium is the massage. New York: Bantam Books.
Menges, A., Reichert, S., & Krieg O. D. (2014). Meteorosensitive Architecture. In K. M., & L. Hovestadt (Eds.), ALIVE: Advancements in Adaptive Architecture (pp. 39-42). Basel: Birkhäuser.
Miller, J. H. (2002). Literature and Virtual Realities. In J. H. Miller, On Literature (pp. 24-45). New York: Routledge.
Playboy Interview: Marshall McLuhan. (1969, March). Playboy, pp. 26–27, 45, 55-56, 61, 63.
Stelarc. (1995). Towards the Post-Human: From Psycho-body to Cyber-system. Architectural Design, 65(11/12), 90-96.
Wertheim, M. (1999). The Pearl Gate of Cyberspace: A History of Space from Dante to the Internet. London: Virago.